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portability    音标拼音: [p,ɔrtəb'ɪlɪti]
n. 可携带性,轻便

可携带性,轻便

portability
可携性;共通性;移转

portability
可携性

portability
n 1: the quality of being light enough to be carried

Portability \Port`a*bil"i*ty\, n.
The quality or state of being portable; fitness to be
carried.
[1913 Webster]

The ease with which a piece of
software (or {file format}) can be "ported", i.e. made to run
on a new {platform} and/or compile with a new {compiler}.

The most important factor is the language in which the
software is written and the most portable language is almost
certainly {C} (though see {Vaxocentrism} for counterexamples).
This is true in the sense that C compilers are available for
most systems and are often the first compiler provided for a
new system. This has led several compiler writers to compile
other languages to C code in order to benefit from its
portability (as well as the quality of compilers available for
it).

The least portable type of language is obviously {assembly
code} since it is specific to one particular (family of)
{processor}(s). It may be possible to translate mechanically
from one assembly code (or even {machine code}) into another
but this is not really portability. At the other end of the
scale would come {interpreted} or {semi-compiled} languages
such as {LISP} or {Java} which rely on the availability of a
portable {interpreter} or {virtual machine} written in a lower
level language (often C for the reasons outlined above).

The act or result of porting a program is called a "port".
E.g. "I've nearly finished the {Pentium} port of my big bang
simulation."

Portability is also an attribute of {file formats} and depends
on their adherence to {standards} (e.g. {ISO 8859}) or the
availability of the relevant "viewing" software for different
{platforms} (e.g. {PDF}).

(1997-06-18)


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